Content Types

Some HTTP requests including POST, PUT and PATCH can include content in the body of the request.

The most common content types for upload data are...

• HTML form submissions use the application/x-www-form-urlencoded content type.
• HTML form submissions including file uploads use the multipart/form-data content type.
• JSON data uses the application/json content type.

Content can be included directly in a request by using bytes or a byte iterator and setting the appropriate Content-Type header.

>>> headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
>>> content = json.dumps({"number": 123.5, "bool": [True, False], "text": "hello"})
>>> response = cli.put(url, headers=headers, content=content)

>>> headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
>>> content = json.dumps({"number": 123.5, "bool": [True, False], "text": "hello"})
>>> response = await cli.put(url, headers=headers, content=content)

There are also several classes provided for setting the request content. These implement either the Content or StreamingContent API, and handle constructing the content and setting the relevant headers.

• <Form {“email”: “heya@noodles.com”}>
• <Files {“upload”: File("README.md”)}>
• <File “README.md” [123MB]>
• <MultiPart {} {“upload”: File("README.md”)}>
• <JSON {"number": 123.5, "bool": [True, False], ...}>

For example, sending a JSON request...

>>> data = httpx.JSON({"number": 123.5, "bool": [True, False], "text": "hello"})
>>> cli.post(url, content=data)

>>> data = httpx.JSON({"number": 123.5, "bool": [True, False], "text": "hello"})
>>> await cli.post(url, content=data)

Form

The Form class provides an immutable multi-dict for accessing HTML form data. This class implements the Content interface, allowing for HTML form uploads.

>>> form = httpx.Form({'name': '...'})
>>> form
...
>>> form['name']
...
>>> res = cli.post(url, content=form)
...

>>> form = httpx.Form({'name': '...'})
>>> form
...
>>> form['name']
...
>>> res = await cli.post(url, content=form)
...

Files

The Files class provides an immutable multi-dict for accessing HTML form file uploads. This class implements the StreamingContent interface, allowing for HTML form file uploads.

>>> files = httpx.Files({'upload': httpx.File('data.json')})
>>> files
...
>>> files['upload']
...
>>> res = cli.post(url, content=files)
...

>>> files = httpx.Files({'upload': httpx.File('data.json')})
>>> files
...
>>> files['upload']
...
>>> res = await cli.post(url, content=files)
...

MultiPart

The MultiPart class provides a wrapper for HTML form and files uploads. This class implements the StreamingContent interface, allowing for allowing for HTML form uploads including both data and file uploads.

>>> multipart = httpx.MultiPart(form={'name': '...'}, files={'avatar': httpx.File('image.png')})
>>> multipart.form['name']
...
>>> multipart.files['avatar']
...
>>> res = cli.post(url, content=multipart)

>>> multipart = httpx.MultiPart(form={'name': '...'}, files={'avatar': httpx.File('image.png')})
>>> multipart.form['name']
...
>>> multipart.files['avatar']
...
>>> res = await cli.post(url, content=multipart)

File

The File class provides a wrapper for file uploads, and is used for uploads instead of passing a file object directly.

>>> file = httpx.File('upload.json')
>>> cli.post(url, content=file)

>>> file = httpx.File('upload.json')
>>> await cli.post(url, content=file)

JSON

The JSON class provides a wrapper for JSON uploads. This class implements the Content interface, allowing for HTTP JSON uploads.

>>> data = httpx.JSON({...})
>>> cli.put(url, content=data)

>>> data = httpx.JSON({...})
>>> await cli.put(url, content=data)

Content

An interface for constructing HTTP content, along with relevant headers.

The following method must be implemented...

• .encode() - Returns an httx.Stream representing the encoded data.
• .content_type() - Returns a str indicating the content type.

← Headers Streams →